Le grandi compagnie manifatturiere del fotovoltaico "cristallino" puntano alla produzione di massa. Le aziende cinesi primeggiano nel comparto delle celle grazie a costi più competitivi. Si tende all’integrazione Vertical production and new forms of cooperation. Cells and modules for the key factors in the short to medium term will be the silicon market and the dollar.
The production of photovoltaic cells in the world this year should reach a capacity of 10.5 MW in 2011 and should be in the range between 13 and 14 MW. Behind these numbers while you're playing a heated battle for world dominance that drives companies towards vertical integration and improvement of production processes, as well as convenient to focus on long-term contracts for the acquisition of raw materials.
analysis on what is happening in this sector globally and on strategies that to make more and more competitive manufacturing companies PV was published recently in the journal Sun & Wind Energy (n.10/2010 - The battle for supremacy). In this article we give a few words about the technology market as it relates to mono and polycrystalline.
According to Stefan de Haan, the consulting firm iSuppli, interviewed by the magazine, all companies today are aiming to expand, but Asian manufacturers still have a competitive advantage in cost of at least 15% compared to European companies. In fact, the first four positions of the top 10 producers of crystalline silicon cells in the first quarter of 2010 were Chinese Suntech with a market share of 8, 1% leader in 2009 with 704 MW of production, followed by Ja-Solar (7.3%), Trina Solar (5.5%) and Yingli Solar (5.4%).
A trend that seems to emerge in recent times is that of cooperation between a manufacturer of solar cells and modules of a: in front of a rapid increase in demand for products and components sector, there is the need to be much closer to end markets, reduce costs, and at the same time aiming to have more capital to invest.
As part of the chain in energy costs and labor are the most relevant for the production of crystalline silicon modules, the most important cost component is that relating to transport. And it is also why being close to their markets is an advantage. The article notes that in this part of the value chain of the sector in recent years the size and market shares of major operators around the world has increased substantially.
Some analysts also believe that the oversupply of photovoltaic modules, has evolved over the past two years, thanks to silicon prices much lower than the previous period, will balance out in the coming years. Bodes well while the impetuous demand from the German market (maybe only 9 GW in 2010) which is helping to reduce this excess supply.
According to iSuppli, the module manufacturers crystalline silicon stronger in the first quarter of 2010 were Suntech (9.9% market share), Sharp (7.4%), Trina Solar (6.8%, Canadian Solar and Yingli (6.7% each) , and SolarWorld SunPower (5.4% each).
The development of these sectors in 2011 (cells and modules) depend on the development of the market for silicon but also by the strength of the dollar, as the raw material (except that in the case of the German company Wacker Chemie) was treated in U.S. currency. When a euro-dollar exchange rate at around 1.4 and an increase in recent months the price of silicon by 20% (although prices have stabilized over medium rather low), and a question forte crescita, si potrebbe assistere ad un leggero rialzo dei prezzi di celle e moduli.
Sebbene la maggior parte degli analisti non si attende nei prossimi anni nessun collo di bottiglia nella produzione di silicio, altri osservatori come Dirk Morbitzer di Renewable Analytics ritengono che alcuni problemi potrebbero invece sopraggiungere. Questo perché egli stima una domanda di silicio tre volte superiore entro il 2015 e che un adeguamento delle capacità produttive richiederebbe almeno 18 mesi. Se questa sarà la tendenza i produttori dovranno avere chiare le loro intenzioni al più tardi entro la fine del 2012 e forse non sarà così semplice capire la situazione futura in quel dato momento.
Fonte QualEnergia
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